Generally, surgeries are painful and associated with side effects, depending on the type of surgery. However, despite these risks, sometimes it is the only way of treating specific health conditions.
In this article, we will outline important information regarding some types of surgeries and their risks. These surgeries include liposuction, open cholecystectomy, hysterectomy, and bone marrow transplant. Read on for more details.
Liposuction
Also referred to as liposculpture suction, liposuction is a specific cosmetic surgery done to break up and suck out fat from the body. It is performed on some parts of the body instead of the entire body. These parts include upper and back arms, thighs, chin, neck, abdomen, and back.
A hollow instrument called a cannula is inserted under the skin, and a high-pressure vacuum is applied to remove body fat. The surgery is not treated as a tool for losing weight but as a cosmetic procedure with subtle effects though it treats certain medical conditions at times.
Complete surgery alters the shape of the body by removing most of the fat cells. However, it is essential to note that it does not remove certain skin flaws like stretch marks and acne. In addition, it is most suitable for people who seek to alter the contour of their bodies.
Despite having some benefits, it is hazardous as it involves a lot of potential dangers. Some of the dangers of liposuction are an adverse reaction to anesthesia, bleeding, and infection. The severity of these complications depends on the procedure's size and the surgeon's skills.
Other complications may include; Severe bruising, which can last up to a few weeks—inflammation which may last up to six months. In addition, the surgery is involved with skin infections, numbness around the operated area, organ punctures, kidney or heart complications, skin burns, among others.
Open Cholecystectomy
The surgery is usually performed to remove the gallbladder through a big open abdomen incision. The surgery is performed to treat gallbladder problems. The gallbladder serves the purpose of storing the extra bile juice produced by the liver. However, normal digestion is not affected by the absence of the gallbladder.
Sometimes, the bile juice inside the gallbladder thickens and blocks the exit pathway. In this condition, the gallbladder has a high probability of developing gallstones, hard substance deposits stuck in the biliary ducts and the gallbladder. The stones can vary in size, from the size of a tennis ball to that of a sand grain.
The gallstones lead to acute and chronic inflammation on the gallbladder, which causes nausea, vomiting, and bloating. These complications can only be treated by removing the gallbladder.
Other conditions whereby the gallbladder is removed include biliary dyskinesia. This is a situation whereby the gallbladder is incorrectly emptying the bile juice. The gallbladder can also be removed in case of choledocholithiasis, a condition whereby the gallstones block the drainage of the biliary.
Inflammation on the gallbladder (cholecystitis) is another condition that can remove the gallbladder. Lastly, the gallbladder is also removed in the case of pancreatitis, pancreas inflammation.
Open cholecystectomy is a safe operation with infrequent complications. However, some signs can show up after the surgery to indicate infections. These conditions include pain getting worse, high fever, unceasing vomiting, foul-smell, and incision swelling and redness. A doctor should be summoned immediately in case of these complications.
Hysterectomy
Hysterectomy is a type of surgery performed to remove the uterus. It is done to treat certain chronic pain conditions and some kinds of infections and cancer. Hysterectomy's extent depends on the reason why it is performed.
In some cases, the doctor is forced to remove the fallopian tubes and ovaries when removing the uterus. After the surgery, the victim no longer experiences menstrual periods and cannot get pregnant.
In most cases, the doctor prescribes hysterectomy under the following conditions:
• Uterine prolapse; occurs when the uterus gets through the cervix to protrude through the vagina.
• Endometriosis; this happens when the uterus' inner lining grows outside its cavity, thus causing bleeding and pain.
• Adenomyosis; occurs when the uterus' inner lining grows into the uterus' muscles.
Besides, hysterectomy is also performed due to chronic pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, reproductive system parts cancer, fibroids, and pelvic inflammatory diseases. The doctor may remove the uterus through an invisible incision on the vagina or through laparoscopic hysterectomy. In this case, an instrument known as a laparoscope is inserted into the body through abdominal incisions. The device then cuts the uterus into small pieces, which are then removed one by one.
The activity is regarded as safe without any complications. However, it is associated with a few risks, as all significant injuries do. Some of these risks include adverse anesthetic reactions, heavy bleeding, or infection.
In addition, the surgery can injure some internal body parts such as blood vessels, bladder, and intestines. These risks are infrequent, but when they occur, only a second surgery can correct them.
Bone Marrow Transplant
The surgery is performed to replace a damaged bone marrow. The procedure involves transplanting the blood stem cells to promote the growth of new marrow. By replacing a damaged system cell with healthy ones, the body can make more white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets to curb conditions such as anemia and bleeding disorders.
The transplant is usually performed on unhealthy bone marrow due to cancer, chronic diseases, and infections. The most reason why a bone marrow transplant is performed is due to aplastic anemia—a condition whereby the marrow ceases from making new blood cells.
In addition, the transplant is executed in case of marrow cancer such as multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma. Chemotherapy-damaged bone marrow can also be treated through a bone marrow transplant. Other conditions that may result in a bone marrow transplant are congenital neutropenia, thalassemia, and sickle cell anemia.
The transplant is quite complex, and it comes along with some complications. These complications include blood pressure drop, breath shortness, fever, nausea, pain, chills, and headache. The symptoms are just temporary, and the chances of developing them depend on your overall health, age, and type of transplant.
Conclusion
Surgery is essential in improving our daily health welfare. However, it usually involves mild to adverse complications, which worsen the victim's condition further. Always go for surgery if it is the only means available.
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